The Study on PLA-based nano-bio effects and its biomedical applications

Polylactic acid (PLA)-based materials with good performance in biocompatibility and biodegradation the have widely used in biomedical field, including drug delivery, tissue engineering and photothermal therapy. When the exogenous materials transmitted into the human body, various interfacial interactions between nanomaterials and biological components occur in the vasculature, pulmonary tract and gastrointestinal tract due to the long retention time and constant simulation. However, despite the efficacy of PLA-based materials, the nano-bio interaction during the transmission and the corresponding application are required to explore in depth for the rational usage and clinic guidance. This study focuses in two popular types of PLAbased materials, including two-dimensional PEGylated lamella materials and threedimensional hierarchical porous microsphere, for systemic exploration of nano-bio interaction in different disease models. The PEGylated lamella material, PEGylated poly(lactic acid) (P-PLA), despite not being internalized by vascular endothelial cells, simulated various inflammatory cytokines through L-type calcium ion channel Cav1.3, thus aggravated the atherosclerosis development while enhanced the nanomedicine extravasation and antitumor efficacy. The hierarchical porous microsphere allowed the micro-scale virus aerosol move inside through micro-scale pore, captured the virus through nano-scale pores with positive charged DOPE, thus protected the lung tissue from acute respiratory diseases such as COVID-19 and influenza A. This study clarified the complexity and diversity of nano-bio interaction in different transmission tract, and provided guidance for the rational usage of PLA-based materials in the biomedical field.